Analysis of the United States’ Foreign Policy Towards Denuclearization of North Korea’s Nuclear 2017-2021

Since few decades ago, the United States has faced a real threat from one of Soviet Union allies, North Korea. North Korea has built a nuclear facility and the government keeps develop it day by day. To solve the problem, the United States under Trump administration suggested an approach called Maximum Pressure. However, Maximum Pressure could not contain the power and threat that came from North Korea nuclear. The fact is, North Korea still develops it until now and abandons all of the sanctions given by the United States and its allies.


Introduction
The United States is known as a superpower that plays an important role in the world of international politics. This is evidenced by the various United States political policies that have been in the spotlight as well as having a direct or indirect impact on the global order. The United States has great power to smooth all its national interests through its important role in the United Nations Security Council. Likewise with the issue that has always been a hot topic for discussion, namely the issue of North Korea's nuclear development.
North Korea is a country located in East Asia, which is directly adjacent to China, Russia, and South Korea. North Korea is focusing its attention on restarting nuclear reactors to protect the country in case the United States attacks. This development was were only seen when they had held five meetings. Even so, three rounds of talks from yielding little progress (Letian, 2007). In the third to fifth round of talks, then this meeting produced something. North Korea agreed to close its nuclear facilities in exchange for fuel aid and stepped toward normalizing relations with the United States and Japan (Scanlon, 2007).
However, the United States and its partners have different interests and priorities regarding this North Korean challenge. China is more focused on the regional dimension and prioritizes stability. South Korea and Russia support denuclearization but want to achieve that goal by peaceful means. For Japan, the issue of how to deal with Japanese citizens abducted by North Korea in the 1970s has become a higher priority than Strategic Patience itself is a policy issued by the Obama administration, which contains that the United States will not engage in anything with North Korea until the country shows positive, constructive behaviour, and a sincere desire to negotiate (Rinehart, 2011).
This commitment relates to existing sanctions and sanctions created by the Proliferation Security Initiative founded in the George W. Bush era. Many parties support this policy and assert that this new policy maintains the United States to shape the negotiating environment (Rinehart, 2011). Trump vowed to rain down "fire and fury" on North Korea if it posed a threat to the United States. In the fall, he went before the United Nations General Assembly to warn that he would "totally destroy North Korea" if the United States were forced to defend itself or its allies. Trump also raised the prospect of nuclear war with North Korea, bragging in flashy playground terms Tuesday night that he ordered an arsenal of destruction "much bigger" and "more powerful" than any foreign government in Asia.
Trump's aggressive response to remarks made the day before by Kim raised the temperature in the confrontation between the United States and North Korea even as

Research Methodology
Qualitative research method is research on descriptive research and tends to use analysis. Process and meaning (subject perspective) are more highlighted in qualitative research. The theoretical basis is used as a guide so that the research focus is in accordance with the facts on the ground. In addition, this theoretical basis is also useful for providing an overview of the research background and as a material for discussing research results.
There is a fundamental difference between the role of theoretical foundations in quantitative research and qualitative research. In quantitative research, research departs from theory to data, and ends in acceptance or rejection of the theory used; while in qualitative research the researcher starts from the data, uses existing theories as explanatory material, and ends with a "theory".
Kriyantono stated that "qualitative research aims to explain the phenomenon as deeply as possible through in-depth data collection". Qualitative research emphasizes the depth of data obtained by researchers. The deeper and more detailed the data obtained, the better the quality of this qualitative research. In contrast to quantitative, the objects in qualitative research are generally limited in number.
In addition, the results of this study are subjective so they cannot be generalized. In general, qualitative research is conducted by using interview and observation methods.
Through this method, researchers will analyse the data obtained from the field in detail.
Researchers cannot research the social conditions being observed, because the whole reality that occurs is a unity that occurs naturally. The results of qualitative research can also lead to new theories or concepts if the results of the research contradict the theories and concepts that were previously used as research studies (Kriyantono, 2006).  (Jackson, 2019). The late start of the transition team, his inner turmoil, and his lack of experience with politics and policy all combined to make the identification of the shortlisted candidate for the position an urgent priority, but one that took longer than usual. Neither North Korea nor foreign policy, in general, are of immediate concern to Trump's transition team.

Trump, China, and Sanctions
After the inauguration, Trump spread a term which called "Maximum Pressure" for two nuclear problems, one of them is North Korea's nuclear. Maximum Pressure strategy rested on the foundation of sustained pressure and military strength to support diplomacy (Maxwell, 2019 Korea could decide to build their own nuclear arsenal, which is completely unacceptable to China. The US understands that while China has critical influence over the North, it is unwilling to use it. China wants to maintain North Korea's newfound nuclear power while easing aspirations for its nuclear-armed neighbours South Korea and Japan (Huessy, 2017).

Discussion
If we look closer into individual level analysis, we might see that policy making with this level of analysis is strongly influenced by emotional, psychological, and even and legislative bodies) within the state play a role in foreign policy making (Rourke, 2008 Given the high level of mistrust between the United States and North Korea, Pyongyang is unlikely to agree to an all-or-nothing approach that requires immediate and complete denuclearization in exchange for full sanctions relief and other diplomatic concessions. The United States should negotiate based on a step-by-step parallel path process that can build the necessary trust for reciprocal action toward denuclearization and a peace regime. This approach is the most practical way to achieve progress toward US national security goals.
The United States should work with China as well as regional allies to implement a coordinated approach to this process. China can be very helpful by clearly signaling to Pyongyang that the cost of becoming a de facto nuclear power will continue with severe sanctions and international condemnation and that complete denuclearization is, from time to time, the best alternative. Moreover, a roadmap jointly endorsed by Washington and Beijing will send a strong signal to Pyongyang that attempts to exploit differences between them will fail. Pressure is considered ineffective to deal with North Korea's nuclear.

Thank You Notes
Thank you Prof. Banyu for giving us the opportunity to point out our point of view regarding an international issue. I hope I can be supervised by you while making my thesis and I am truly looking forward to it.