MARITIME SECURITY INCREASES DEFENSE DIPLOMACY IN THE WORLD MARITIME AXIS FRAMEWORK

President Jokowi, in his vision of the World Maritime Axis, wants Indonesia to return to its nature as a maritime country, where Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world which occupies a strategic position between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean The two oceans constitute a global trade crossing route which is the driving force of the world economy Indonesia's geographic existence between the two oceans benefits Indonesia geo-economically and geostrategically Moreover, Indonesia's territory also includes the Malacca Strait and the Singapore Strait, which are the two busiest routes globally, making threats and challenges that have their maritime dimensions for Indonesia Ensuring maritime security in national and regional waters is an absolute thing for Indonesia to support global economic stability by trading various commodities in these sea routes In dealing with cross-border maritime security threats, handling by one country is not possible because it is related to the territorial sovereignty of another country, so defense diplomacy becomes one of the main pillars in the development of maritime security in Indonesia Implementing defense diplomacy in addressing maritime security disturbances will gradually increase defense capabilities This article discusses the importance of maritime security in improving Indonesia's defense diplomacy within the framework of the World Maritime Axis, with qualitative research using the content analysis method In discussing this issue, he refers to the maritime security approach and the concept of defense diplomacy.


Introduction
Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country in the world which occupies a strategic position between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean The two oceans are global trade routes that drive the world's economy Indonesia's geographical presence between the two oceans benefits Indonesia geoeconomically and geostrategically Moreover, Indonesia's territory also includes the Strait of Malacca, one of the main As an archipelagic country, Indonesia's open waters are vulnerable to various sources of threats, such as illegal fishing, piracy, marine pollution, terrorism, and other illegal activities These various threats certainly have the potential to disrupt national security and interests, even regional and global security The extent of maritime security threats that are cross-border require international cooperation to overcome them For this reason, the implementation of diplomacy is directed at fostering bilateral, regional and multilateral cooperation in resolving security issues at sea Defense diplomacy as part of maritime diplomacy plays a vital role in the implementation of diplomacy to foster bilateral, regional and multilateral cooperation in resolving security issues at sea.
Based on the description above, the author will focus on discussing maritime security in enhancing defense diplomacy within the framework of the World Maritime Axis. The discussion in this paper uses a maritime security concept approach and the concept of defense diplomacy.

Methodology
The research method in this study uses content analysis. Method content analysis is a research method used to identify patterns of content analysis through systematic data collection from a collection of texts, which can be in the form of written, oral or visual books, newspapers, and magazines. This method is used to determine the presence of certain words or concepts in a text or collection of texts. The researcher measures and analyzes the existence, meaning, and relationship of these words and concepts, then concludes the message in the text.
The words in a study can also represent a variety of differences-content analysis in research and analysis of articles related to maritime security research and defense diplomacy. Text analysis can assist defense diplomacy analysts in planning and research activities. The defense decision cycle involves extensive, timely, and detailed analysis of the operating environment. Analysts need much reading to comprehensively analyze the content An introductory summary of a theme in a large number of texts saves time spent reading material and concentrates the analyst's research, thereby providing a way to prioritize documents based on their relevance to the research topic.

Maritime Security Concept
The term maritime security becomes a trend when discussing security at sea with the consideration that the potential of the sea is still not optimally explored, so a rule regarding sea control is needed. This is expected to create "maintaining good order at sea" because the sea holds natural resources that can be explored and exploited by coastal countries and other countries. 5 Smuggling and trafficking of persons by sea using ships that are not suitable for use and treatment that is not in accordance with human rights.
6 Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) Fishing, identified on a food security scale that threatens the stability of international relations and maritime security.
7 Intentional or unlawful violations of the maritime environment as an important issue for the potential of marine resources that threaten the security of a country or a country, many of which affect the relationship between the social and economic interests of the coastal state.
From the above conditions, it is known that although the definition of maritime security in the international order has not been clearly established, the international community is asked to pay attention to maritime security and form a mutual Jurnal Diplomasi Pertahanan, Volume 8, Nomor 1, 2022 E-ISSN 2746-8496 agreement between countries so that the threat component as a factor that endangers "maritime security" can be handled properly. -individually or together.

Defense Diplomacy Concept
Defense diplomacy is a whole way and strategy through various aspects of cooperation such as economics, culture, politics, defense, and diplomacy so that Defense diplomacy is carried out by adhering to several basic principles The first is that defense diplomacy must be carried out within the corridor that lies between the government's defense policy and foreign policy This implies that in achieving the mission outlined by the defense policy, defense diplomacy is also a

Regional Strategic Environment
The sea area plays an important role in Southeast Asia This fact makes the political and economic dynamics in this region strongly influenced by the sea History records that the Kingdom of Srivijaya and Malacca built their government by considering the sea as a vital geopolitical aspect European countries also built strong naval fleets to support the colonization process in the Southeast Asian region Until now, the territorial waters of Southeast Asia continue to be a vital route for shipping and trade in the region and the world Income derived from the sea such as the fishing industry, hydrocarbon extraction and tourism generate a significant contribution to Indonesia's national income Currently, more than 60% of the Southeast Asian region depends on its economic activities on the sea and maritime sector (Bradford, 2005).
On the other hand, the territorial waters of Southeast Asia also have potential threats to regional political and economic security This threat can be in the form of territorial disputes or various transnational crimes such as piracy/armed robbery, terrorism, drugs, and people smuggling These various threats encourage countries in the Southeast Asian region to formulate maritime security based on regional conditions and challenges faced in the region.
Based on the foregoing, various efforts have been made to address maritime security threats, including through the establishment of a maritime security regime at both regional and global levels At the global level, there is the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) as the main reference for international law of the sea Several other initiatives were carried out by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) At the regional level, there is ASEAN which places maritime security as an important element in the ASEAN Political-Security Community In addition, there are various other maritime security initiatives both at the regional and international levels.
As one of the countries in the region, Indonesia is actively involved in various initiatives both at the regional and global levels to oversee the dynamic development of the international security regime that supports Indonesia's national interests The end of the Cold War became an important milestone for a change in maritime security perspective The sea is not only valued as a safety perimeter for land areas, but also has economic value as a natural resource, transportation route, and important environmental asset The emergence of various non-traditional threats such as piracy, terrorism, and smuggling of narcotics and illegal drugs is a new challenge faced for maintaining order in sea waters ( maintaining good order at sea ). (Keliat, 2015)

Threats and Challenges to Indonesia's Maritime Security
The forms of maritime security threats in Indonesia include terrorism, armed robbery, and piracy, smuggling of people and goods, IUU fishing, irregular immigration, illegal exploration/exploitation of natural resources (SDA), pollution at sea, drug trafficking, transnational organized crimes (TOC), maritime border disputes, and natural disasters. Among these threats, the threat of cross-border crime (TOC) is considered the most detrimental threat In addition, the threats that are now the focus are the threats of illegal exploitation of natural resources, terrorism, and piracy. If maritime security is defined as a condition of a maritime area that is free from threats, then efforts to identify maritime security threats in Indonesia are important and necessary Broadly speaking, transboundary organized crime that poses maritime security threats in Indonesia can be categorized into 2 (two) namely (i) crimes that use the sea as an object (such as IUU fishing, illegal waste dumping, and illegal poaching ), and (ii) crimes that use the sea as a means (such as people smuggling and trafficking in persons and piracy and armed robbery at sea) In addition to the threats mentioned above, several other threats also need to be of concern to Indonesia, including: oil spills from offshore exploration operations, cross-border plastic waste, theft of valuable artifacts found on shipwrecks, and damage to cables submarine cable.

Axis (PMD)
More specifically, the promulgation of the Vision for the World Maritime Axis brought several changes to Indonesia's maritime security handling activities, including the strengthening of maritime resource protection Basically, Indonesia intends to garner support and cooperation in dealing with transnational crime issues at sea In addition, Indonesia is now starting to build its maritime power The development of maritime defense forces is also one of the important aspects in the In addition, the TNI-AL has also built three major naval bases ( Speaking of PMD, we will immediately refer to the important role of the Navy (AL) as a concrete manifestation of the military's role in realizing PMD According to Marsetio (2015), the Indonesian Navy is the main component of defense at sea and is one of the important factors for the success of Indonesia's development as PMD However, in a broader context , maritime defense in the context of PMD does not only involve the role of the Navy (TNI AL), but also involves other dimensions such as the Army (TNI AD) and the Air Force (TNI AU) The synergy of the three dimensions is important to ensure that every need will lead to the effectiveness of the need For example, the Indonesian Army has a need to buy new tanks stationed in the Java region, if in the future there is a deployment of forces outside the island of Java, it is also necessary to think about purchasing a TNI AL tank transport ship that can transport these tanks This is what is referred to as integration between dimensions in a TNI movement system.
In interpreting the first pillar of PMD, increasing awareness of the Indonesian people as a maritime nation needs to be understood in a deeper context The context in question is the extent to which the formation of a community's identity will help the government control its community Identity formation is one of the â€oeradicalâ€ forces If we return to the understanding of power or power, we find that the meaning of power is to direct others to do something according to our wishes One of the most radical forms of power that people can easily be directed at is identity formation Identity is closely related to cultural issues That is why rebuilding maritime culture is the same as giving back community identity The problem is, the development of a maritime nation's identity must also be followed by an increase in maritime-based human resources How ready we are to face all kinds of maritime challenges and how ready we are to realize the goals of PMD also depend on human resources with maritime characteristics. Indonesia to improve its domestic defense industry through effective cooperation.
In the context of achieving PMD, defense diplomacy can be an instrument to strengthen cooperation in maritime defense, such as cooperation in satellite sensing technology and joint patrols Defense diplomacy can thus create opportunities for Indonesia to meet needs in the defense sphere In addition to meeting needs, defense diplomacy is also used to block the possibility of conflict ( conflict prevention ) through increasing mutual trust ( CBM/Confidence Building Measure ) With the defense diplomacy activity between Indonesia and China, it is hoped that there will be an increase in mutual trust between the two Mutual trust between the two can minimize the challenges that arise between the cooperation of the two.
In a larger context, Defense Diplomacy can also be used by Indonesia to face the challenges that come from increasing competition between China and the United States Joint forums such as ADMM plus or joint patrols can be used by Indonesia to maintain regional security stability against potential threats that come from the competition between the two countries.

Conclusion
Jurnal Diplomasi Pertahanan, Indonesia to return to its nature as a maritime country Indonesia's position as an archipelagic country in the next few years faces a strategic environment marked by the increasing complexity of traditional and non-traditional threats that must be faced.
Maritime Security as Indonesia's territorial integrity remains the most vital interest in Indonesia's foreign and defense policy. Through the Vision of the World Maritime Axis, Indonesia views defense diplomacy as a means to maintain the country's territorial integrity, improve regional order, and enhance domestic defense development.