Partisipasi Female Peacekeeper Indonesia Dalam Misi United Nations Interim Forces in Lebanon Tahun 2015-2017: Dampak Terhadap Diplomasi Pertahanan Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33172/jdp.v4i3.327Abstract
Abstrak -- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis partisipasi female peacekeeper Indonesia dalam misi United Nations Interim Forces in Lebanon tahun 2015-2017 dan dampaknya terhadap diplomasi pertahanan Indonesia. Hal ini dihadapkan dengan adanya Resolusi Dewan Keamanan PBB No. 1325 Tahun 2000 tentang Women, Peace and Security, dan target gender 15% untuk personel militer perempuan dalam mewujudkan misi pemeliharaan perdamaian yang ramah gender. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis melalui teknik pengumpulan data wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan partisipasi female peacekeeper Indonesia dalam misi UNIFIL tahun 2015-2017 mengalami peningkatan secara kuantitas dengan jumlah 100 personel dari total 134 yang tersebar di sembilan misi. Namun, posisi penugasan female peacekeeper Indonesia masih mendominasi satuan tugas kontingen daripada posisi military staff. Untuk meningkatkan partisipasi, Indonesia masih mengalami hambatan utamanya berkaitan dengan kurang siapnya institusi militer dalam menyiapkan Wan-TNI termasuk kurangnya pendidikan dan pelatihan, aturan terkait ijin suami/atasan, dan absennya kebijakan. Akhirnya, partisipasi female peacekeeper Indonesia berdampak terhadap bargaining power Indonesia dalam menjalankan diplomasi pertahanan untuk meningkatkan Confidence Building Measures dan membantu capacity building Wan-TNI dalam hal profesionalisme tugas.
Kata Kunci: Partisipasi, female peacekeeper Indonesia, UNIFIL, Diplomasi Pertahanan
Abstract -- This research aims to analyze participation of Indonesian female peacekeeper in United Nations Interim Forces in Lebanon year 2015-2017 and its impact to Indonesia’s defense diplomacy. It is correlated with the existence of United Nations Security Council Resolution No. 1325 year 2000 about Women, Peace, and Security, as well as gender target of 15% female military personnel to implement gender based mission. This research uses qualitative research method and descriptive analytic approach, with interview and literature study as the data collection technique. The results show that participation of Indonesian female peacekeeper year 2015-2017 are increasing in quantity with 100 personnel out of total 134 females around nine missions. However, their job positions were still dominating task forces in contingent rather in military staff position. In order to increase participation, Indonesia still experiences obstacles that mainly related to the lack of preparedness of military institution in preparing female military personnel including the lack of education and training, regulation about permit from officer and/or husband, and the absent of gender composition policy. Finally, participation of Indonesian female peacekeeper affected to Indonesia’s bargaining power in conducting defense diplomacy to enhance Confidence Building Measures and help female’s capacity building in term of task professionalism.
Keywords: Participation, Indonesian Female Peacekeeper, UNIFIL, Defense DiplomacyReferences
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