KERJASAMA GENERAL BORDER COMMITTEE INDONESIA – MALAYSIA DALAM MENJAGA PERBATASAN DARAT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33172/jdp.v5i2.412Abstract
Abstrak -- Penelitian ini berupaya menjawab bagaimana kondisi perbatasan darat Indonesia - Malaysia terbaru dan peran GBC Indonesia – Malaysia (Malindo) dalam menjaga keamanan di perbatasan darat kedua negara. Untuk menemukan jawaban dari pertanyaan penelitian, peneliti menggunakan teori kerjasama internasional yang dipadukan konsep diplomasi pertahanan juga konsep keamanan nasional serta konsep integrated Border management untuk membedah masing-masing komponen pertanyaan. Metodologi dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan wawancara narasumber sebagai data primer dan dokumentasi perjanjian sebagai data sekunder. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa kondisi perbatasan darat teraktual diisi oleh aktivitas ilegal atau kejahatan transnasional dan peran GBC Malindo adalah kerjasama strategis yang menggerakan kerjasama teknis badan-badan di bawahnya. Kerjasama GBC telah secara efektif menggerakan roda-roda teknis badan-badan di bawahnya. Sebagai kesimpulan, kerjasama GBC tidak bermasalah secara eksternal, namun lebih ke internal Indonesia, di mana ada “perlombaan birokratik” untuk memimpin GBC Malindo
Kata Kunci : confidence building measure, integrated border management, keamanan nasional, kerjasama internasional
Abstract -- This study sought to answer how the conditions of the latest Indonesia-Malaysia land border and the role of GBC Indonesia - Malaysia (Malindo) in maintaining security at the land borders of the two countries. To find answers of research questions, researchers used the theory of international cooperation which combined the concepts of defense diplomacy and the concept of national security and the concept of integrated Border management to dissect each component of the question. The methodology of this study is qualitative by interviewing interviewees as primary data and agreement documentation as secondary data. The results of the study show that the actual land boundary conditions are filled with illegal activities or transnational crime and the role of Malindo GBC is strategic cooperation that drives the technical cooperation of the agencies under it. GBC Collaboration has effectively moved the technical wheels of the agencies under it. In conclusion, GBC's collaboration is not problematic externally, but rather internal to Indonesia, where there is a "bureaucratic race" to lead the Malindo GBC.
Keywords : confidence building measure, integrated border management, international cooperation, national security
References
Daftar Pustaka
Buku
Albrow, Martin. 1996. Birokrasi. Yogyakarta: PT. Tiara Wacana Yogya.
Cottey, Andrew. Dan Foster, Anthony. 2004. Reshaping Defence Diplomacy: New Roles for Miltary Cooperation and Assistance. London: Routledge.
Creswell, John W. 2016. Research Design Pendekatan Kualitatif, Kuantitatif, dan. Mixed. Yogyakarta : Pustaka Pelajar.
Desjardins, Marie-France. 1996. “Rethinking Confidence Measures”, Adelphi Paper, Number 307, London: International Institute of Strategic Studies.
Dominique, Maria. 2013. Ancaman di batas negeri: Kostrad di perbatasan Entikong (Indonesia-Malaysia). Jakarta: Rene Book.
Dougherty and Pflatzgraf. 2000. Contending Theories of International Relations: A Comprehensive Survey (5th Edition). New York: Pearson
Gindarsah, Iis. 2015. Indonesia Defence Diplomacy: Harnessing the Hedging Strategy. Journal Defence and Security Analysis 32 (4): 1-18.
General Border Committee. 1997. 25 Tahun GBC Malindo. Kuala Lumpur: Percetakan Season Sdn Bhd.
K. J. Holsti. 1988. Politik Internasional : kerangka untuk analisis jilid I/ K.J. Holsti; alih bahasa : M. Tahir Azhary. Jakarta : Erlangga
Karioth, W. Detlef. 2014. “Border Management Issues”, dalam Grech, Omar. dan Wohlfeld, Monika (eds.). Migration in the Mediterranean: human rights, security and development perspectives. Malta: Gutenberg Press. Chapter 7
Lubis, S.B. Hari dan Martani Huseini 2009. Pengantar Teori Organisasi: Suatu Pendekatan Makro. Jakarta: Departemen Ilmu Administrasi, FISIP UI
P. Boyce. 1968. Malaysia and Singapore in International Diplomacy (Documents and Commentaries). Sidney: Sidney University. p. 107
Perwita, Anak Agung Banyu dan Yanyan Mochamad Yani. 2005. Pengantar Hubungan Internasional. Bandung : PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Poulgrain, Greg. 2014. The Genesis of Konfrontasi Malaysia, Brunei, and Indonesia 1945-1965. Selangor: Strategic Information and Research Development Centre.
Jurnal
Chayes, Abram, dan Handler Antonia. 1993. On Compliance. InternationalOrganization. Vol. 47, No. 2 (Spring, 1993), pp. 175-205
Denik. I, Witarti. 2011. Tinjauan Teoritis Mengenai Konsep Keamanan Nasional. Jakarta: Jurnal Transansional. Hlm. 1-13
Jaspal, Zafar Nawaz. 2004. “Nuclear Risk Reduction Measures and Restraint in South Asia”, RCSS Policy Studies, No. 25, Colombo: Region al Centre for Strategic Studies.
UK Ministry of Defence Policy Paper. 2003. “Paper no. 1: Defence Diplomacy”, p. 2.
Disertasi
Pedrason, Rodon. 2015. Defence Diplomacy in Southeast Asia: A Way to Security Community? Dissertation. Heidelberg: Heidelberg University.
Dokumen
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. 2017. Hasil Pertemuan General Border Committee Tahun 2017. Tidak dipublikasikan.
Website
European Communities. 2010. https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/ibm-eap/document/1-guidelines-integrated-border-management-european-commission-external-cooperation-european diakses pada 20 Agustus 2017 pukul 20.00 WIB.
