PEMILIHAN STRATEGI GEOPOLITIK DAN GEOEKONOMI INDONESIA, CHINA DAN AMERIKA SERIKAT DI KAWASAN LAUT CHINA SELATAN

Authors

  • Garnis Nur Anggraeni Universitas Pertahanan RI

Abstract

Perkembangan konflik di kawasan Laut China Selatan menunjukkan dinamika menarik antara pihak yang bersengketa maupun pihak yang memiliki kepentingan tertentu di kawasan tersebut. Karena posisi strategis Laut China Selatan, maka banyak negera berkepentingan terhadap kawasan Laut China Selatan, termasuk Amerika Serikat, China dan Indonesia. Strategi rebalancing policy Amerika Serikat yang ditunjukkan dengan perubahan nama komando menjadi US-INDOPACOM, China dengan klaim nine dash-line dan Belt Road Initiative (BRI) serta kepentingan ZEE Laut Natuna Utara Indonesia memunculkan ketegangan dan konflik di Kawasan Laut China Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi tiga negara, yaitu Indonesia, China, dan dan Indonesia di kawasan Laut China Selatan. Pendekatan kualitatif dilakukan melalui data yang diperoleh dari studi pustaka dan wawancara mendalam dengan para ahli (pakar) yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan game theory (teori permainan). Hasil penelitian berupa skenario permainan antara ketiga negara yang menggambarkan strategi masing-masing negara berkenaan dengan strategi negara lawannya. Hasil penelitian berupa skenario permainan antara ketiga negara yang menggambarkan strategi masing-masing negara berkenaan dengan strategi negara lawannya. Menggunakan simulasi permainan berurutan (sequential game) dengan informasi sempurna maka didapatkan strategi terbaik bagi Indonesia dan China adalah SUSPEND yakni menjaga kondisi di kawasan Laut China Selatan agar tetap stabil. Sementara strategi terbaik Amerika Serikat adalah MILITARY INVOLVED yakni mengerahkan armada pasukan di pangkalan laut sekutunya untuk tetap menjaga hegemoninya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bagaimana kepentingan geopolitik dan geoekonomi suatu negara dapat menentukan pilihan strategi negara demi mempertahankan kepentingan nasionalnya.

References

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Published

2021-03-01

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): Ekonomi Pertahanan: Jurnal Kajian Akademisi dan Literasi Ilmu Ekonomi Pertahanan

Section

Articles

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Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)