PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI PERKAPALAN NASIONAL UNTUK MENDUKUNG KEAMANAN MARITIM INDONESIA
Abstract
Abstrak - Faktor yang mempengaruhi mengapa negara sangat bergantung dengan lautan adalah kurang lebih 70% wilayah di dunia adalah laut. Kedua 90% jalur perdagangan menggunakan transportasi laut. Ketiga, pada garis pantai banyak terdapat kota dan pemukiman besar dalam radius 200 km. keempat Hukum internasional memberikan kebebasan untuk mengelola sumber daya laut. Jika Indonesia tidak segera mambangun kemampuan sea power akan mengakibatkan ketidakmampuan negara untuk menjaga dan mengendalikan perairan laut Indonesia, seperti ancaman sengketa perbatasan laut, gangguan keamanan laut, pelanggaran hukum laut, perebutan sumber daya alam dan mineral. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan pertahanan dan keamanan dilaut membutuhkan industri perkapalan yang mandiri untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Alutsista matra laut. Pertanyaan penelitian (1) Bagaimana hubungan kerjasama industri perkapalan dan industri pendukung perkapalan. (2) Bagaimana konsep industri perkapalan nasional untuk meningkatkan daya saing dalam mendukung keamanan maritim Indonesia. Teori dan konsep penelitian menggunakan Teori Daya Saing, Teori Pemberdayaan, Konsep Maritime Security Sector Reform dan Konsep Klaster Industri Perkapalan. Metodologi penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriktif. Hasil Penelitian, (1) Kerjasama industri perkapalan dan industri pendukung perkapalan memerlukan perubahan regulasi terkait pengelolaan manajemen industri perkapalan. Perubahan tersebut untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh pemerintah dan produsen industri perkapalan. Dalam Undang-undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2012 Tentang Industri Pertahanan dan Perpres. Komite Kebijakan Industri Pertahanan, ditekankan pemanfaatan industri nasional dalam pemenuhan Alutsista. Sehingga memerlukan pengelolaan menejemen industri pertahanan dengan industri pendukung lainnya. (2) Konsep pengembangan klaster terbagi dua berdasarkan jenis kepemilikannya yaitu industri swasta dengan konsep pengeloalan klaster industri perkapalan. Sedangkan industri BUMN menggunakan konsep holding industri National Shipbuilding and Heavy Indrustries.
Kata Kunci : Industri Perkapalan, Klaster Industri Perkapalan, Keamanan Maritim.
Abstract - The factor that affects why the country depends heavily on the oceans is that approximately 70% of the world's territory is the sea. Second, 90% of trade routes use sea transportation. Third, on the coastline there are many cities and large settlements within a 200 km radius. the four international Laws provide freedom to manage marine resources. If Indonesia does not immediately develop the ability of sea power will result in the inability of the state to maintain and control the marine waters of Indonesia, such as the threat of sea border disputes, maritime security disturbances, violations of the law of the sea, the seizure of natural resources and minerals. One effort to improve the defense and security of the sea requires an independent shipping industry to meet the needs of marine Alutsista. Research Questions (1) What is the relationship of shipbuilding industry and shipping support industry. (2) What is the concept of the national shipping industry to enhance competitiveness in supporting Indonesian maritime security. Theory and concept of research using Competitiveness Theory, Empowerment Theory, Maritime Security Sector Reform Concept and Concept of Cluster of Shipping Industry. Qualitative research methodology with descriptive method. Research Result, (1) Shipbuilding industry cooperation and shipping support industry require regulation change related to management of shipping industry management. The change is to address the problems faced by the government and shipping industry manufacturers. In Undang-undang No. 16 of 2012 on Defense Industry and Perpres. Defense Industry Policy Committee, emphasized the utilization of national industry in the fulfillment of Alutsista. So it requires management of defense industry management with other supporting industries. (2) Cluster development concept is divided into two types based on the type of ownership that is private industry with the concept of cluster of shipping industry. While the state-owned industry uses the concept of industrial holding National Shipbuilding and Heavy Industries.
Keywords: Shipbuilding Industry, Shipbuilding Industry Cluster, National Shipbuilding and Heavy Industries, and Maritime Security
References
Referensi
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Jurnal
Habibie, S., Gumelar, M. S., & Sitorus, R. (2015). Pengembangan Klaster Industri Perkapalan Untuk Meningkatkan Daya saiang Industri Perkapalan Nasional. BPTT. Serpong-Tangerang
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