UPAYA PEMERINTAH MENANGANI IRREGULAR MIGRANT DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEAMANAN MARITIM DI PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Abstract
Abstrak - Posisi Indonesia berperan dalam kedatangan irregular migrant ke wilayahnya, dan jalur laut sebagai prioritas. Penelitian yang berfokus pada Pencari Suaka dan Penyelundupan Manusia, ini berupaya menganalisan bagaimana penanganan irregular migrant oleh pemerintah dari perspektif keamanan maritim, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penanganan irregular migrant. Teori yang digunakan yaitu Teori Keamanan Maritim dari Bueger dalam mengidentifikasi permasalahan menggunakan matriks keamanan maritim dengan empat elemen penting : (1) marine environtment; (2) economic development; (3) human security; dan (4) national security. Metode penelitian adalah kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara berbagai narasumber terkait yang berkompeten. Kesimpulannya, belum ada urgensi Indonesia meratifikasi Konvensi pengungsi. PERPRES 125 Tahun 2016 dasar hukum penanganan pengungsi dan bersifat multidimensional, pemerintah perlu lebih memperhatikan keamanan maritimnya dengan meningkatkan penjagaan dan teknologi.
Kata Kunci: Migran Iregular, Pencari Suaka, Penyelundupan Manusia, Keamanan Maritim
Abstract - Indonesia's position attracts irregular migrants invasion to its territory, using sea lanes that will always be a priority. This research focus on Asylum Seeker and People Smuggling identifies forms of irregular migrant issues from the perspective of maritime security, and government efforts to handle irregular migrants. This research uses the Maritime Security Theory of Bueger in identifying problems using maritime security matrix consisting of four important elements: (1) marine environment; (2) economic development; (3) human security; and (4) national security. Qualitative is used as the research methodology, collecting data through interviews from various competent relevant sources, from responsible institutions for irregular migrant cases. The researcher concludes that Indonesia has not ratified the Refugee Convention and there is no urgency to do so, the Presidential Decree 125 Year 2016 is the legal basis for refugees handling which has multidimensional characteristic, the government should pay more attention to maritime security by improving the vigilance and its technology.
Keywords: Irregular Migrant, Asylum Seeker, People Smuggling, Maritime Security, Bueger
References
Referensi
Buku
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Perpres No. 125 Tahun 2016, tentang Pengungsi dari Luar Negeri
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Perjanjian Internasional
Konvensi 1950 tentang Status Pengungsi
Deklarasi Universal HAM 1948
Declaration of Asylum 1967
Protokol PBB Tahun 2000 tentang Penyelundupan Manusia
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