Manajemen Pertahanan: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Manajemen Pertahanan

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INDONESIA'S AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE REPOSITION IN ADDRESSING AIRSPACE THREATS TO UPHOLD STATE SOVEREIGNTY

Dedy Putra Brahmana — 2024-07-04

According to Government Regulation number 4 of 2018 regarding Airspace Security, Indonesia's Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) is to be repositioned, expanding its coverage to encompass both national airspace and jurisdictional airspace extending up to the Exclusive Economic Zone. Based on the President Regulation number 8 of 2021 on the State General Defense Policy for 2020-2024 and Ministry of Defense Regulation number 12 of 2021 on State Defense Implementation Policy for 2020-2024, Indonesia's ADIZ reposition is a policy taken to address both actual threats in the form of border violations and potential threats such as foreign invasions. However, to date, this policy remains unimplemented, and Indonesia's existing ADIZ only covers geographic area around Java Island, as stipulated in the Aeronautical Information Publication. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to analyze the urgency, progress and obstacles in the implementation of Indonesia's ADIZ reposition. Employing qualitative methods and an analytical descriptive framework, this research concluded that the Indonesia's ADIZ reposition is urgent in addressing airspace threats to uphold state sovereignty. The implementation of Indonesia's ADIZ reposition shows notable progress altough the obstacles are evident. Among all, the most dominan obstacle is the inadequate communication between Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that pose delay to the policy implementation. In light of the findings of this study, the theoretical recommendation is to conduct researchs on Indonesia's ADIZ policies through inter-ministerial coordination for diplomatic challenges. And the practical recommendations are to enhance communication between the Ministries of Defense and Foreign Affairs, proactively engage neighboring countries to prevent diplomatic tensions and explore regional organizations for multilateral dialogues on airspace security challenges.

ANALYZE THE MILITARY’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE HANDLING OF STUNTING IN PAPUA

Reinpal Falefi — 2024-07-04

Stunting, which indicates a discrepancy between a child's height and age, is a serious challenge in Indonesia, especially in Papua Province. Even though there is a decrease in the prevalence of stunting nationally, Papua has experienced a significant increase. This research aims to investigate the military's contribution to tackling stunting in Papua. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with in-depth interview methods and case studies. The case study focuses on an in-depth analysis of specific conditions in the Papua region. Involving relevant informant in Papua, data was collected through interviews. The research results show that ASTER and Kodam play a key role in planning and executing stunting reduction initiatives, leveraging technology for medical monitoring, and implementing devotional programs, including supplementary food distribution. Kesdam XVII/Cenderawasih contributes strategically through planning, health facilities provision, and collaboration with local governments. The TMMD program serves as a holistic approach to stunting eradication in challenging terrains. The study underscores the military's active participation, emphasizing cross-sector coordination, community service, and flexibility in overcoming challenges. Legal frameworks highlight the TNI's role in Military Operation Other Than War (MOOTW), aligning with efforts to reduce stunting. Socialization, education, food distribution, and the TMMD Program are integral to MOOTW, emphasizing the broader impact of stunting on public health and community welfare. Recommendations include to involve the role of the military in handling stunting, it is necessary to strengthen the capacity and authority of Kesdam XVII/Cenderawasih and ASTER in planning and implementing stunting handling programs. In addition, an active role of the TNI is needed for flexible and adaptive food distribution.

Military Operations against Terrorism in Northwest Nigeria for Enhanced National Security

Henry Iheanacho Eze — 2024-07-04

Since 2009, Nigeria has been confronting security challenges like terrorism, kidnapping for ransom and armed banditry amongst others. Between 2018 and 2020, armed banditry activities in the North West region, particularly in Zamfara, Katsina and Kaduna States led to about 286-armed bandits attack incidents, over 300 lives lost, rustling of about 7,500 cattle and displacement of over 25,000 persons amongst others. As part of government efforts towards addressing the menace of armed banditry in the North West Nigeria from 2019 and May 2021, the Nigerian Army (NA), Nigerian Air Force (NAF) and Nigeria Police Force (NPF) embarked on several operations such as Operation DIRAN MIKIYA, Operation PUFF ADDER and Operation HARBIN KUNAMA among others. Despite these efforts, terrorist activities still persist in the region thereby undermining national security in Nigeria. Thus, the desire to proffer strategies that could contribute to curbing acts of terrorism in the North West region for enhanced national security in Nigeria provides the motivation for this study titled: “Military Operation Against Terrorism in Northwest Nigeria for Enhanced National Security”. Employing qualitative methods and an analytical-descriptive framework, this research showed that Boko Haram terrorists, tribe affiliated militias, armed banditry and kidnapping posed a terrorism threat in the NW. Despite positive progress, limited quick impact projects by the military, insufficient capacity of security forces as well as inadequate maintenance and serviceability of air platforms were found to impede counter-terrorism efforts by the military. The research concluded by proffering strategies to enhance military operations against terrorism in NW Nigeria, such as joint military-farmers agricultural cooperative, the establishment of a knowledge management system for military operations and the siting of a UAV MRO in Northwest Nigeria

THE RECRUITMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDONESIAN ARMY RESERVE PERSONNEL FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE (CASE STUDY: BATCHES 2021-2023)

Kurniawan Budi Prasetyo — 2024-07-04

In facing geopolitical competition within its region, Indonesia has adopted the principle of "Si vis pacem para bellum" through the implementation of Republic of Indonesia Law Number 23 of 2019 concerning the Management of National Resources for National Defense. This legal foundation is realized through the establishment of the Reserve Component as part of the defense strategy to safeguard sovereignty. This research employs a qualitative descriptive method to investigate the implementation of Defense Management in the Reserve Component of the Indonesian Army, considering personnel aspects in supporting national defense (Case Study: Recruitment Waves 2021-2023). Findings indicate that the recruitment process of the Reserve Component involves intensive communication strategies with a focus on the alignment of individual characteristics. Despite a decline in acceptance, the recruitment model successfully attracts qualified individuals. The education and training process is conducted by applying the POLC management functions through meticulous planning, resource identification, and structured curriculum. The development of the Reserve Component plays a crucial role in preparation, integration, and readiness as a force multiplier, albeit facing budgetary constraints and regulations. Optimal development is expected to create a national defense posture ready to face various challenges, in accordance with the principles of the Universal People's Defense and Security System (SISHANKAMRATA).

Comparison Of Reserve Component Management Between Singapore And Indonesia In Supporting National Defense

Habibul Quran — 2024-07-04

Today, threats to the state are changing, from those that were originally only military to non-military threats and even hybrid threats. Therefore, to strengthen the country's defense, Singapore and Indonesia implement the reserve component program by involving the participation of all their citizens, the object of this study is to operate Singapore's reserve component management with Indonesia in supporting the country's defense, The sub-focus of this study is to compare Singapore's reserve component management with Indonesia in supporting the country's defense, and the strengths and weaknesses of component management Reserve. To answer the focus and sub-focus, this research uses qualitative methods of comparison with data collection through interviews, literature reviews, and the design of comparative approaches related to the management of reserve components of the two countries. The results showed significant differences in reserve component management, starting from the registration flow, training, and structure, to the process after personnel went through reserve component activities. It also found advantages and disadvantages in the management of the two reserve components. The recommendations include a development focus on key aspects such as improving the quality, capacity, and reliability of Reserve components. In addition, it is necessary to increase support for the education and career of individuals during military service. By implementing these recommendations, it is hoped that the management of reserve components in both countries can strengthen their national defenses more effectively

Human Resources Management in the Posture Development of the Indonesian National Armed Forces for National Defence

Philip Jeremia Sinaga — 2024-07-04

Human resources are the most important assets possessed by every institution, from the lowest level of institutions to the highest level such as the state. The dynamics of an uncertain and complex strategic environment have an impact on the defense posture of the TNI, which continues to be demanded to be able to balance these dynamics. In the process, the development of the TNI's posture experienced many obstacles, so that the role of human resource management (HR) was needed in developing the posture of the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) for national defense purposes. Through a qualitative approach and data collection from primary and secondary sources, this study analyzes various aspects of human resource management that are relevant in the context of the TNI. The results of this study indicate that there are still problems in every process of human resource management in the development of the TNI's posture, such as welfare, health services, and social security. Based on these problems, the role of human resource management is needed according to the needs and dynamics of the existing strategic environment. The findings of this journal can provide insight into how effective human resource management can influence national defense forces and enhance TNI capabilities.

Optimizing Defense Management: Navigating the Impact of Conflict

Aris Sarjito — 2024-07-04

In the contemporary geopolitical landscape, optimizing defense management amidst conflict is paramount for nations worldwide. This research aims to explore the multifaceted impact of conflict on defense resource allocation and budgeting decisions, the role of technological innovation in enhancing defense capabilities, and strategies for fostering organizational adaptability and leadership during conflict. Utilizing qualitative research methods and secondary data analysis, this study examines scholarly literature and empirical evidence to gain insights into these critical aspects of defense management. Findings suggest that conflict significantly influences defense resource allocation and budgeting decisions, with strategic priorities, operational requirements, and political considerations shaping resource prioritization. Technological innovation emerges as a key driver of defense capability enhancement during conflict, enabling advancements in weapon systems, situational awareness, and logistics. Furthermore, fostering organizational adaptability and leadership prove essential for effectively navigating conflict environments, requiring a culture of innovation, agile organizational structures, and effective change management practices. In conclusion, this research underscores the importance of addressing the challenges posed by conflict through proactive and adaptive defense management strategies

The Influence of Organizational Climate, Motivation and Leadership Style on Employee Performance in Research and Development Agency Ministry of Defense of the Republic Indonesia

Edy Saptono — 2024-07-04

This research was conducted at the Research and Development Agency of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze descriptively and verification of leadership style, organizational climate, motivation and employee performance. The research sample amounted to 72 employees using stratified random sampling technique. Data collection techniques using a questionnaire. The research method uses descriptive and verification methods using path analysis. Descriptive research results prove that leadership style, organizational climate, motivation and performance are perceived as good but there are indicators that need to be improved. The results of the verification research prove that simultaneously leadership style, organizational climate and motivation have a positive and significant effect on performance. However, partially, only the organizational climate variable has no effect on performance.