STRATEGI INTELIJEN DALAM PENGUATAN SENDI-SENDI PERTAHANAN NEGARA (STUDI TEKS ARTHASASTRA)

Authors

  • Ni Made Sumaryani UNIVERSITAS PERTAHANAN

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33172/pa.v6i2.908

Abstract

Beberapa dekade terakhir di Indonesia, terorisme, separatisme bersenjata, konflik komunal dan bencana alam yang terjadi menunjukkan perlindungan terhadap segenap bangsa tidak terlaksana dengan baik melalui upaya pencegahan dini dan deteksi dini oleh intelijen. Oleh karena itu, pertahanan dan keamanan negara menjadi perhatian penting yang harus dijaga kestabilannya oleh seluruh warga negara dari segala bentuk ancaman. Intelijen masih dianggap hampa nilai dan identik dengan intelijen era orde baru yang mirip dengan intelijen Barat, maka ditarik pemikiran-pemikiran Timur mengenai operasi intelijen menurut Teks Arthasastra karya Chanakya atau Kautilya. Pemetaan ancaman dan strategi intelijen dalam menghadapi ancaman pertahanan negara menurut Teks Arthasastra menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan Ethnography Content Analysis dengan teknik analisis data triangulasi sumber data yang berkaitan dengan tema penelitian. Strategi intelijen dalam Arthasastra digali melalui beberapa konsep dalam Arthasastra mengenai pemetaan ancaman (konsep saptanga dan rajamandala), dan konsep intelijen (konsep samstha dan samch?r). Pemetaan ancaman pertahanan negara melalui tujuh elemen dasar pembentuk negara (saptanga) dan juga lingkaran raja-raja besar (rajamandala) suatu negara dipandang masih relevan namun kini telah dikenal ancaman hibrida. Strategi intelijen dalam mencegah munculnya ancaman dalam Arthasastra dilakukan melalui perekrutan agen rahasia dari semua golongan, menyebarkan agen rahasia dalam dua kelompok besar (samstha dan samch?r), serta mengedepankan kesejahteraan rakyat. Secara umum metode penyebaran agen rahasia dalam Arthasastra memiliki kemiripan dengan intelijen masa kini. Agen-agen ini bertugas deteksi dini di negara sendiri, negara musuh, negara sahabat maupun negara netral untuk mengetahui kekuatan dan kelemahan masing-masing elemen negara, serta cegah dini melalui berbagai cara rahasia baik dengan penggalangan lunak maupun keras.

References

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Website

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Published

2020-08-30

How to Cite

Sumaryani, N. M. (2020). STRATEGI INTELIJEN DALAM PENGUATAN SENDI-SENDI PERTAHANAN NEGARA (STUDI TEKS ARTHASASTRA). Peperangan Asimetris (PA), 6(2), 117–135. https://doi.org/10.33172/pa.v6i2.908

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Peperangan Asimetris

Section

Articles

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Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)