STRATEGI PRANCIS MENGHADAPI ANCAMAN PERTAHANAN KEAMANAN DI PASIFIK (STUDI KASUS KONTRA INSURJENSI DI KALEDONIA BARU)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33172/pa.v7i1.920Abstract
Untuk dapat memahami tentang strategi kontra insurjensi Prancis di Kaledonia Baru diperlukan pemahaman akan lingkungan strategis regional di Pasifik. Hal itu dikarenakan salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan suatu gerakan insurjensi adalah ada tidaknya dukungan dari negara-negara luar atau organisasi internasional. Oleh karena itu, fenomena meningkatnya kehadiran dan pengaruh China di Pasifik dapat dipersepsikan oleh Prancis sebagai ancaman karena China adalah kiblat gerakan insurjensi seluruh dunia. Penelitian tentang meningkatnya kehadiran dan pengaruh China di Pasifik serta strategi kontra insurjensi Prancis di Kaledonia Baru dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif. Untuk memperoleh data yang dibutuhkan, peneliti menggunakan desain penelitian studi kasus. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh ternyata Prancis tidak menganggap China sebagai ancaman dan menerapkan strategi pertahanan keamanan dengan membangun kekuatan kooperatif, yaitu membangun kekuatan bersama, bukan kekuatan atas kekuatan lain yang ada di Pasifik seperti China. Kebijakan strategi pertahanan keamanan Prancis tersebut diambil karena China sebagai aktor di kawasan dapat diajak bekerjasama menjaga keamanan dan stabilitas perdamaian di Pasifik yang sangat luas dan mengandung permasalahan yang kompleks. Tetapi, Prancis menyadari perlu selalu mengawasi dan memperingatkan China agar mengikuti aturan hukum internasional. Hasil penelitian terkait strategi kontra insurjensi Prancis di Kaledonia Baru, diketahui Prancis lebih fokus melakukan pembangunan ekonomi dan mengakui identitas Kanak. Sekarang Suku Kanak hidup lebih sejahtera daripada sebelumnya. Sehingga, diprediksi hasil referendum tahun 2020 dan 2022 nanti, mayoritas penduduk Kaledonia Baru akan memilih tetap bersama Prancis.
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