PERAN PENEGAKAN HUKUM MELAWAN TERORISME
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33172/pa.v10i1.14826Kata Kunci:
Penegakan Hukum, Terorisme, Intelijen, Keamanan Nasional, Kerjasama Internasional, Teknologi Pengawasan.Abstrak
Terorisme merupakan ancaman serius bagi keamanan nasional dan internasional yang menuntut respons efektif dari berbagai sektor, terutama penegakan hukum. Keberhasilan penegakan hukum dalam menangani terorisme tidak hanya melibatkan tindakan represif, tetapi juga langkah-langkah pencegahan dan koordinasi yang komprehensif.Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran penegakan hukum dalam melawan terorisme, dengan fokus pada strategi, teknologi, dan kerjasama yang diterapkan untuk mencegah, merespons, dan menyelidiki tindak terorisme.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif, dengan analisis literatur yang mencakup studi kasus, laporan resmi, dan publikasi akademis yang relevan. Data sekunder dari berbagai sumber hukum dan keamanan juga dianalisis untuk memberikan gambaran menyeluruh mengenai peran penegakan hukum dalam melawan terorisme. Teori yang digunakan dalam artikel ini meliputi teori penegakan hukum, teori kriminologi, dan teori keamanan nasional. Kerangka teoritis ini membantu dalam memahami dinamika penegakan hukum dan strategi anti-terorisme yang efektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum memainkan peran krusial dalam melawan terorisme melalui berbagai pendekatan, termasuk operasi intelijen, patroli, dan investigasi forensik. Penggunaan teknologi canggih seperti analisis data besar dan pengawasan digital telah meningkatkan kemampuan deteksi dan pencegahan. Selain itu, kerjasama internasional dan koordinasi antar-lembaga menjadi elemen kunci dalam mengatasi ancaman terorisme yang bersifat global. Penegakan hukum memiliki peran yang vital dalam melawan terorisme, yang mencakup pencegahan, respon cepat, dan investigasi yang mendalam. Keberhasilan upaya ini sangat bergantung pada penggunaan teknologi canggih, strategi yang adaptif, serta kerjasama yang erat di tingkat lokal, nasional, dan internasional. Oleh karena itu, penguatan kapasitas dan peningkatan koordinasi antar-lembaga menjadi prioritas utama dalam strategi penegakan hukum melawan terorisme.
Referensi
Buku dan Jurnal:
Laqueur, W. (2001). The new terrorism: Fanaticism and the arms of mass destruction. Oxford University Press.
Hoffman, B. (2006). Inside terrorism. Columbia University Press.
Schmid, A. P. (2011). The Routledge handbook of terrorism research. Routledge.
Silke, A. (Ed.). (2004). Research on terrorism: Trends, achievements and failures. Frank Cass Publishers.
Jackson, R., & Sinclair, S. (2012). Contemporary debates on terrorism. Routledge.
Artikel Akademik:
Horgan, J. (2008). From profiles to pathways and roots to routes: Perspectives from psychology on radicalization into terrorism. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 618(1), 80-94. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716208317539
Borum, R. (2011). Radicalization into violent extremism I: A review of social science theories. Journal of Strategic Security, 4(4), 7-36. https://doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.4.4.1
Neumann, P. R. (2013). The trouble with radicalization. International Affairs, 89(4), 873-893.
https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2346.12049
Laporan dan Publikasi Resmi:
United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. (2012). The use of the internet for terrorist purposes.
United Nations. Retrieved from
https://www.unodc.org/documents/frontpage/Use_of_Internet_for_Terrorist_Purposes.p df
Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2016). Terrorism 2002-2005. FBI. Retrieved from https://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/terrorism-2002-2005
European Union Agency for Law Enforcement Cooperation. (2020). European Union terrorism situation and trend report (TE-SAT) 2020. Europol. Retrieved from
Situs Web dan Sumber Daring:
Interpol. (2023). Counter-terrorism. Retrieved from
https://www.interpol.int/en/Crimes/Terrorism
Europol. (2023). Counter terrorism. Retrieved from https://www.europol.europa.eu/crimeareas-and-trends/crime-areas/terrorism
United Nations Office of Counter-Terrorism. (2023). UN global counter-terrorism strategy.
Retrieved from https://www.un.org/counterterrorism/
Studi Kasus dan Laporan Investigasi:
Post, J. M., Sprinzak, E., & Denny, L. M. (2003). The terrorists in their own words: Interviews with 35 incarcerated Middle Eastern terrorists. Terrorism and Political Violence, 15(1), 171184. https://doi.org/10.1080/09546550312331293007
Sageman, M. (2004). Understanding terror networks. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Stern, J. (2003). Terror in the name of God: Why religious militants kill. HarperCollins Publishers.
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