Strategi Keamanan Siber Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) Pusat Dalam Menghadapi Pemilu 2019
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33172/pa.v4i3.297Abstract
Abstrak--Kajian ini menganalisa keamanan siber pada pelaksanaan Pemilu yang tengah menjadi sorotan saat ini. Banyaknya serangan siber yang dialami oleh KPU dalam penyelenggaraan pesta demokrasi sejak Pemilu 2014, ternyata tidak hanya sebatas ancaman peretasan terhadap infrastruktur, tetapi juga telah merambah ke ranah sosio kultural dengan pergeseran ke Pemilu 2.0 yang ditandai dengan semakin intensifnya peran sosial media sebagai medium opini publik. Peneliti menggunakan teori strategi sebagai grand theory oleh Carl Von Clauswitz dan konsep keamanan siber oleh Ghernaoutti untuk mengkaji dimensi keamanan siber. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa strategi keamanan siber yang diimplementasikan oleh KPU Pusat dalam menghadapi Pemilu 2019 adalah melalui kerjasama dengan konsep Triple Helix yang melibatkan Pemerintah, Akademisi dan Swasta. Pengamanan siber dilakukan pada 4 (empat) dimensi melalui deteksi, proteksi dan prevensi terhadap ancaman dimulai dari aspek teknologi hingga ke manusianya. Kajian ini juga menyumbangkancara untuk menganalisa terkait peta ancaman Pemilu, jenis serangan, maupun metode kerjasama yang selama ini dilaksanakan oleh KPU dengan para stakeholders lainnya.
Kata kunci: strategi, keamanan siber, komisi pemilihan umum, triple helix
Abstract--The study analyzes the the implementation of cyber security in the election which is currently become the spotlight. The number of cyber attacks experienced by the KPU in conducting a democratic party since the 2014 General Election was not only limited to the threat of hacking on infrastructure, but also penetration of the socio-cultural realm with a shifting to 2.0 elections marked by increasingly intensive social media role as a medium of public opinion. The researcher uses strategy theory as a grand theory by Carl Von Clauswitz and cyber security concepts by Ghernaoutti to examine cyber security dimensions. This research method uses qualitative phenomenological approaches. The results of this study reveals that the cyber security strategy implemented by the Central KPU in dealing with the 2019 Election is through Triple Helix cooperation concept involving the Government, Academics and the Private Sector. Cyber security is carried out on 4 (four) dimensions through detection, protection and prevention of threats starts from technology to human aspect. The study also contributes ways to analyze related maps of election threats, types of attacks, as well as methods of cooperation that has been carried out by KPU with other stakeholders.
Keywords: strategy, cyber security, general election commission, triple helix
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